Thyroid Disorders: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
You must know that thyroid disorders have emerged as a prevalent medical condition. It affects people of all groups and their bodily functions, but the symptoms may vary from one person to another. However, you must be aware of the common thyroid health problems. If thyroid disorders run into your family, you must get full body health checkups to ensure your well-being.
If you struggle with any unusual health symptoms, consider it carefully. You can book a pathology test online and get diagnosed precisely with a reliable diagnostic center. In this article, you will get to know about thyroid disorders, their common symptoms, and treatment.
What Are Thyroid Disorders
These refer to a group of medical problems that affect your thyroid gland. It is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck. The gland plays a significant role in producing hormones and regulating bodily functions like metabolism and temperature control. Due to abnormal functioning of the thyroid gland, the chances of development of thyroid disorders are higher.
Types of Thyroid Disorders
There are different types of thyroid disorders. Some of the common ones include:-
1.Hypothyroidism
It occurs when your thyroid gland is unable to produce enough thyroid hormones & your metabolism is weak. When the body’s immune system attacks the thyroid, you may develop hypothyroidism. Its symptoms include:-
- Fatigue and dizziness
- Weight gain and difficulty in losing weight
- Cold intolerance
- Dry skin
- Brittle nails
- Constipation
- Mood swings
- Muscle & joint pain
- Thinning hair
- Irregular menstrual cycle
- Memory & concentration problems
2. Hyperthyroidism
Unlike hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism is when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone. You may experience the following symptoms:-
- Rapid heartbeat
- Extreme weight loss despite increased appetite
- Nervousness, anxiety & irritability
- Shaky hands or tremors
- Heat intolerance
- Excessive sweating
- Frequent bowel movements or diarrhea
- Changes in menstrual cycle
- Bulging eyes
3. Goiter
It is a disorder where the thyroid gland is enlarged. It mainly occurs due to iodine deficiency. It can be associated with both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Its common symptoms are:-
- Swelling or enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck
- A visible lump or protrusion in the neck
- Discomfort in the throat or difficulty swallowing or breathing
4. Thyroid Nodules
It occurs when there is abnormal growth or lumps in the thyroid gland. Some nodules are benign, while some are cancerous. You must note that these may not show noticeable symptoms easily. The disorder arises if the thyroid gland does not produce adequate hormones. Some common symptoms of thyroid nodules are:-
- Swelling of the neck
- Fast heartbeat
- Weight loss
- Anxiety
- Pain in the neck area, especially when turning your head or swallowing
5. Thyroiditis
It is a condition which causes inflammation of the thyroid gland. Various factors, such as viral infections and autoimmune processes, often cause it. It may lead to temporary hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism. Sometimes, it may resolve without long-lasting effects. Its symptoms are:-
- Voice changes due to pressure on vocal cords
- Tenderness or warmth in the neck region
- Mood swings
- Flu-like symptoms, such as fatigue, fever, and muscle aches
- Swelling or enlargement of the thyroid gland
- Neck pain & discomfort
Lifestyle Changes to Minimize the Risk of Thyroid
To support thyroid health, you can follow some lifestyle changes. After consulting your doctor, you can make the below-mentioned changes in your lifestyle to minimize the risk of thyroid-related issues:-
1. Proper Diet
You can have a balanced diet to promote your overall health. You may include some of the particular food items that are rich in iodine and selenium. A healthy diet may give you all the necessary vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
2. Stress Management
Due to stress, your endocrine system is adversely affected. You can practice stress-reduction techniques, such as yoga and meditation, to manage stress effectively.
3. Regular Exercise
You can indulge in physical activities to boost metabolism and promote overall health. You can play sports per your interests, such as badminton and cricket. You can also go for a walk or early in the morning to get or stay healthy. If you wish to, you can join aerobics studios or gyms. With specialized trainers, you may have guidance and support.
4. Proper Sleep
Poor sleep schedule impacts your hormonal regulation, leading to thyroid problems. Thus, you must have proper sleep and rest.
5. Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol
Smoking increases many health problems, including thyroid disorders. Additionally, alcohol interferes with the production of thyroid hormones. To stay healthy and have a secure future, you can avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
6. Regular Health Checkups
You must visit the best diagnostic center if you have a family history of thyroid disorders or are experiencing any symptoms. The healthcare providers may monitor your health and provide effective treatments.
If you are struggling with any of the symptoms mentioned above, you may search for the best pathology labs and get an immediate diagnosis.
Diagnosis & Treatment
1. Thyroid Profile Total
This test measures all the thyroid hormones produced by the gland. It helps with the precise diagnosis of thyroid disorders.
2. Thyroid Antibodies Profile
Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies help diagnose autoimmune thyroid disorders. These include Hashimoto’s disease (when thyroid glands do not produce enough thyroid hormones) and Graves’ disease (when thyroid glands produce excess thyroid hormones). The test diagnoses the presence of antibodies in the blood and helps doctors to provide comprehensive treatment.
3. FNAC Interpretation
A Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) test examines the presence of lumps or masses on body parts, such as the neck and breasts. It is usually done to test the conditions of thyroid cancer.
Final Words
Thyroid disorders are common health problems faced by people of all age groups. If you are experiencing any health symptoms mentioned in the blog, mild or severe, you must get properly tested. It may help you stay updated about your health status and be safe.
You may not need to stand in queues to book your appointment with a lab. You can look for the best pathology labs and choose one wisely that provides an online appointment facility. Book a pathology test online at your convenience and get tested precisely. The healthcare professionals may address & manage your issues effectively and ensure your well-being.
